How to convert adjectives to adverbs in Russian

It is very simple and straightforward to convert adjectives to adverbs in Russian. Adjectives form the roots of the vast majority of adverbs, so if you understand this post you'll be in a great position to use adverbs on the fly with ease.

To note, you can form adverbs from adjectives, nouns, numerals, verbs, pronouns, and adverbs.

To learn more about adverbs, please refer to our main Adverbs page in our Russian Grammar resource section.

Most common ways to convert adjectives to adverbs

In English, the most common way to convert an adjective to an adverb is to just add “-ly:”

  • beautiful → beautifully

In Russian, there are two most common ways to convert adjectives to adverbs.

Adverbs ending in “-о”

Adjectives ending in “-ый,” “-ая,” or “-ое:” replace ending with “-о:”

  • красивый → красиво
  • хороший → хорошо

Adverbs ending in “-и:”

Adjectives ending in “-ский,” “-ская,” or “-ское:” add prefix “по-” and replace ending with “-и:”

  • русский → по-русски
  • американский → по-американски

Note, this also applies to adjectives ending with "-цки" instead of "-ски."

Irregular adverbs with adjectival roots

Not all adjectives can form adverbs.

Color adjectives without an adverb

Just like in English, certain Russian colors do not have adverbial forms. For example:

  • голубой = blue
  • коричневый = brown
  • розовый = pink

Adverbs ending in "-е"

Some key adverbs add an "-е" to their adjectival root. These are worth remembering.

  • крайне = extremely
  • внешне = outwardly
  • излишне = unnecessarily
  • неуклюже = awkwardly
  • искренне (also искренно) = sincerely
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